The Appalachian National Scenic Trail , commonly known as the Appalachian Trail or just AT , is a marked climbing trail in the eastern United States that runs between Springer Mountain in Georgia and Mount Katahdin in Maine. This trail is estimated to be about 2,200 miles (3,500 km) long, although the length must change over time as a modified or rerouted part. The Appalachian Trail Conservancy claims that the Appalachian Trail is the longest hiking trail in the world. More than 2 million people are said to be climbing on the trail at least once every year.
The idea of ​​the Appalachian Trail emerged in 1921. His own footsteps were completed in 1937 after more than a decade of work, though improvements and changes continued. It is managed by 31 trail clubs and several partnerships, and is managed by the US National Forest Service, and the nonprofit Appalachian Trail Conservancy. Most of the trail is in the forest or wild land, although some parts cross the city, roads and farms. It passes through 14 countries: Georgia, North Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, New York, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Vermont, New Hampshire, and Maine.
Pedestrians try to climb the entire trail in one season - more than 2,700 people through the ascent in 2014 - and some climb from one end to the other, then turn and through other climbing paths known as "yo-yo ". Many books, memoirs, websites and fan organizations are dedicated to this pursuit.
The extension known as the International Appalachian Line continues northeast, crossing Maine and cutting Canada to Newfoundland, with sections continuing in Greenland, through Europe, and to Morocco. Another separate extension continues to the southern end of the Appalachian range in Alabama and continues south to Florida, creating what is known as the Eastern Continental Trail.
The Appalachian Trail, the Continental Divide Trail, and the Pacific Crest Trail form what is known as the Triple Crown of Hiking in the United States.
Video Appalachian Trail
History
The trail was conceived by Benton MacKaye, a forester who wrote his original plan - called the "Appalachian Trail, a Project in Regional Planning" - shortly after his wife's death in 1921. MacKaye's notion detailed a large footprint that would link a series of farms and desert workplaces/learning camp for city dwellers. In 1922, on the advice of Major William A. Welch, director of the Palisades Interstate Park Commission, his idea was published by Raymond H. Torrey with a story in the New York Evening Post under the title page of a banner reading "A Great Trail from Maine to Georgia! " This idea was quickly adopted by the new Palisades Interstate Park Trail Conference as their main project.
On October 7, 1923, the first part of the path, from Bear Mountain west through Harriman State Park to Arden, New York, was opened. MacKaye then called for a two-day Appalachian Trail conference to be held in March 1925 in Washington, D.C. This meeting inspired the formation of the Appalachian Trail Conference (now called the Appalachian Trail Conservancy) (ATC).
A retired judge named Arthur Perkins and his younger partner Myron Avery took the cause. In 1929, Perkins, also a member of the Connecticut Forest and Park Association and the Blue Blazed Trails committee, found Ned Anderson, a farmer in Sherman, Connecticut, who took the task of charting and burning it on Connecticut footprints. (1929-1933). It ran from Dog Tail Corners in Webatuck, New York, which borders Kent, Connecticut, in Ashley Falls, 50 miles (80 km) through the northwest corner of the country, to Bear Mountain on the border of Massachusetts. (Some of the Connecticut footprints have since been re-route (1979-1983) to be more beautiful, less to follow the highway and more into the wilderness, and include the Ned K. Anderson Memorial Bridge.)
Anderson's efforts helped spark new interest on the road, and Avery (who led the allegations after Perkins's death in 1932) was able to bring other nations on board. After taking over ATC, Avery adopted a more practical objective to build a simple climb path. He and MacKaye clashed at ATC's response to major commercial developments along the trail; MacKaye left the organization, while Avery was willing to change course. Avery ruled as ATC Chair from 1932 to 1952 (he died the same year).
Avery became the first person to climb the path from end to end, though not as a climb, in 1936. In August 1937, the path was completed to Mount Sugarloaf in Maine, and ATC shifted its focus toward protecting the path. and mapped trails for pedestrians.
Many of the current highlights are not part of the trail in 1937: Roan Mountain, North Carolina and Tennessee; high state of Mount Rogers, including Grayson Highlands, Virginia; Swamp Pochuck Creek, New Jersey; Nuclear Lake, New York; Thundering Falls, Vermont; and Saddleback Mountain, Maine. Except for the places where the Civil Conservation Corps was brought in (mostly in Shenandoah National Park, the Great Smoky Mountains, and Maine), the original trail often climbed straight up and down the mountains, creating rough climbing conditions and treadways susceptible to severe erosion. The ATC trace crew and the volunteer clubs that maintained the relocation have moved or rehabilitated miles of footprint since then.
In 1936, A 121-day Maine for a veteran Georgia group funded and supported through climbing was reportedly completed, with all but three miles of freshly cleaned and lit tracks, by six Scouts from New York City and their guides. Done through much later recorded climbing and accepted by the Appalachian Distant Climbing Association.
In 1938, the trail was severely damaged by the storm that hit New England. This happened just before the start of World War II and many people working on the street were called in for active duty.
In 1948, Earl Shaffer of York, Pennsylvania, brought much attention to the project by publishing the first claim through the ascent. The claim was later criticized for negligence of significant portion increases due to short cuts and car rides. Shaffer then claimed the first rise to the north-to-south, the first claiming to do so in every direction. Chester Dziengielewski was later named the first man to be bound south. In 1998, Shaffer, almost 80 years old, climbed the path, making him the oldest person to claim a completed trip. The first solo woman to complete the ascent was the 67-year-old Emma Gatewood who completed his journey northward in 1955, taking 146 days. He repeated his achievements two years later.
In the 1960s, ATC made progress toward the protection of footprints from development, thanks to the efforts of politicians and officials. The National Trails System Act of 1968 establishes the Pacific Peak Lane and the Appalachian Path as the first beautiful national trails and paves the way for a series of National Tour Lines within National Parks and National Forest systems. Trace volunteers worked with the National Park Service to map out permanent routes to trails, and by 1971 permanent routes had been marked (although minor changes continued to this day). Towards the end of the 20th century, the Park Service has completed all purchases but a few miles out of the reach of the road.
Maps Appalachian Trail
Extensions
The International Appalachian Trail is a 1,900 mile (3,100 km) extension that flows northeast from Maine to New Brunswick and Gaspà ©  © Peninsula in Quebec, where it ends at Forillon National Park. This is a separate trail and not an official extension of the Appalachian Trail. Other branches are set in parts of Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, and along the west coast of Newfoundland, to the northern tip of the Appalachian mountains, where it enters the Atlantic Ocean, near the L'Anse aux Meadows National Historic Site. The route has been extended to Greenland, Europe and Morocco.
Although the Appalachian Trail ends in Georgia, the Appalachian Mountains continue south to Flagg Mountain in Alabama. In 2008, the Pinhoti National Recreation Trail in Alabama and Georgia, which ends at Flagg Mountain, is connected to the southern terminal of the Appalachian Trail via the Benton MacKaye Trail. The promoter of the Southern extension refers to MacKaye's statement at the 1925 conference that Georgia's trail to New Hampshire should, in the future, be extended to Katahdin, and "then to Birmingham, Alabama". In March 2015, The Pinhoti Trail ends at Flagg Mountain base, near Weogufka in Coosa County, 50 miles (80 km) east of Birmingham. In 2010, the Alabama state legislature formed the Alabama Appalachian Mountain Trail Commission to provide state resources for road repairs, although formally appointing Pinhoti as part of the Appalachian Trail will require action from the United States Congress.
The Appalachian Approach Trail 8.8 miles (14.2 km) begins at Amicalola Falls State Park visitor center and ends at Springer Mountain. Because Springer Mountain is in a remote area, Trail Approach is often the beginning of Northern bound efforts through climbing. Many of the Trail Approaches were originally built as part of the Appalachian Trail, before the southern terminus was moved from Mt. Oglethorpe to Springer Mountain.
Flora and fauna
The Appalachian Trail is home to thousands of plant and animal species, including 2,000 rare, threatened, endangered and sensitive species of plants and animals.
Animal
American black bear ( Ursus americanus ), among the largest animals along the Appalachian Trail, rarely confronts people. The black bear is the largest omnivore that may be encountered on the path, and inhabits all the Appalachian territory. The appearance of the bears on the road is rare, except in certain parts, especially Shenandoah National Park and parts of New Jersey, New York, Connecticut, and Massachusetts, where bear populations have continued to rise since 1980; confrontation is still rare. Other hazards include poisonous snakes, including East wooden snakes and copper heads, which are common along the path. Both snakes are commonly found in the drier and more rocky parts of the path; the copperhead ranks extend northward around the New Jersey-New York state line, while rattlesnakes are commonly found along Connecticut roads and have been reported, albeit rarely, as far north as New Hampshire. Other large mammals commonly seen include deer; deer, reintroduced in the Smoky Mountains; and deer, which can be found around Massachusetts and to the north.
Small mammal species that live along the road are beaver, squirrel, river otter, squirrel, hedgehog, forest cat, two species of fox, wild boar, woodchuck, raccoon, and coyote. The species of birds that live on the path are wild turkeys, grouse grouse, dove mourning, crows, two species of eagles, wood ducks, three species of owls, and three species of falcons and bird warblers.
For most walkers, the most enduring pests along the way are fleas, mosquitoes, and black flies along with the rats that inhabit the shelter.
Plants
The life of plants along the way varies. The trail passes through several different biomes from south to north, and climate change is significant, especially depending on the altitude. In the south, lowland forests consist primarily of second growth; almost all traces have been recorded at one time or another. Nevertheless, some old growth sites along the path, such as Sages Ravine crossing the Massachusetts-Connecticut border and at the higher peaks along the road on both sides of the same border, Hopper (glacial cachet to the west of this path as it crosses Mount Greylock in Massachusetts), and "The Hermitage", near Hagas Bay in Maine. In the south, forests are dominated by hardwoods, including oaks and tulips, also known as yellow poplar. Further north, tulips are gradually replaced by maple and birch trees. Oaks began to disappear in Massachusetts. By Vermont, lowland forest consists of maple, birch and beech, featuring colorful foliage in September and October. While most of the lowland forests in the southern White Mountains are hardwoods, many areas have some coniferous trees as well, and in Maine, these often grow at low altitudes.
There is a drastic change between lowland and subalpine forests, green forests, and other forests, higher cliffs, in the tree line, above which only grow hard alpine plants. Sub-alpine areas are much more along the path than true alpine conditions. Although mostly located in the north, some of the southern mountains have a subalpine environment, which is usually covered by an ecosystem known as the Southern Appalachian pine forest. The southern and mountainous ranges in which the sub-alpine environment occurs include the Great Smoky Mountains, where the sub-alpine neighborhood only starts about 6,000 feet (1,800 m) in altitude, Roan Highlands on the North Carolina-Tennessee border, where sub-alpine growth falls under 6,000 feet (1,800 m), and Mount Rogers and Grayson Highlands in Virginia, where there is some alpine growth above 5,000 feet (1,500 m). Appalachian balm is also found in the Southern Highlands, and is believed to have occurred due to fires or grazing in recent centuries, or in some cases due to the thin and sandy soil. Some bare sprout trees, and some of them, the National Forest Service actually mow the grass periodically to keep the trees.
Topography
There is no sub-alpine area between Mount Rogers in Virginia and Mount Greylock in Massachusetts, mainly because the trail remains below 3,000 feet (910 m) from Shenandoah National Park in Virginia to Mount Greylock. Mount Greylock, however, has a large subalpine area, the only forest in Massachusetts, stretching up to 3,000 feet (910 m), which in the south will be far from the sub-alpine cutoff. This is very low because Greylock is exposed to prevailing western winds, as the peak along the ridge rises about 200 to 650 feet (61 to 198 m) higher than any other peak in Massachusetts. Further north, some peaks in Vermont reach the sub-alpine zone, the bottom of which goes down as one heads north, so by the White Mountains of New Hampshire, often under 3,000 feet (910 m). At Mount Moosilauke, whose peak reaches 4,802 feet (1,464 m), the first alpine environment on the path is reached, where only thin, sporadic flora is interspersed with bare rocks. Between these two regions is the krummholz region, where the dwarf grows with its branches oriented from the winter winds that take place in winter, thus giving the appearance of a flag (they are often called "flag trees"). This region resembles the lowlands hundreds of miles north of Canada. It also contains many species that are endangered and endangered. The trail has been diverted back to Presidential Range New Hampshire so Appalachian Mountain Club can protect the life of certain plants. The alpine cutoff in whites is generally between 4,200 and 4,800 feet (1,300 and 1,500 m). Mountains passed by A.T. the tree above includes Mount Moosilauke, a few miles along the Range of Franconia and along the Presidential Range. In the Presidency, the trail rises as high as 6,288 feet (1,917 m) on Mount Washington and spends about 13 miles (21 km) continuing over the trees, in the largest alpine neighborhood in the United States east of the Rocky Mountains.
The trail segment through Pennsylvania is so rocky that pedestrians refer to the region as "Rocksylvania". These small rocks - the result of erosion that has wiped out dirt along the way - can be difficult to walk for long periods without proper hard-soled shoes.
In Maine, the road extends even to harsher environments, and sub-alpine and alpine growth goes down to lower altitudes. Alpine growth in the state ranges from about 2,500 feet (760 m) in the Mahoosuc Range to below 1,000 feet (300 m) in the Hundred Million Wilderness section, where nearly every area higher than 1,000 feet (300 m) is evergreen forest. These forests include more species of pine, as well. In addition to white pine, cypress and hemlock are commonly farther south, Maine has many cedar trees along the path. Near the northern edge, there are even some tamarack (larch), coniferous pine needle trees, which give a yellow look at the end of autumn after the birch and maple trees have been naked. The hemlocks in Maine are also famous, as the wool adelgids, which have devastated populations further south, have not yet come to the country, and may not be able to make it as far north as the cold climates.
Maine also has several mountainous areas. In addition to some areas of the Mahoosuc Range, Baldpates and Old Blue in southern Maine have mountainous characteristics albeit altitudes under 4,000 feet (1,200 m). Saddleback Mountain and Bigelow Mountain, further north, each only extends slightly above 4,000 feet (1,200 m), but has a long alpine area, with no tree growth at the top and an unobstructed view on a clear day. From Mount Bigelow, the road stretches 150 miles (240 km) with only a slight alpine growth of about 3,500 feet (1,100 m) at the top of White Cap Mountain. Mount Katahdin, the second largest alpine neighborhood in the eastern United States, has several square miles of alpine areas on the flat "table ground" tops as well as cliffs and aretes that lead to it. The tree at Mount Katahdin is only about 3,500 feet (1,100 m). This altitude in Massachusetts will hardly be a sub-alpine region, and, south of Virginia, consists of lowland forests. It illustrates a drastic change in climate over 2,000 miles (3,200 km).
Although the alpine environment is well below 5,000 feet (1,500 m) in New Hampshire and Maine, some of the higher places in the south are not alpine. Examples include Wayah Bald in North Carolina 5,342 feet (1,628 m) and Clingmans Dome in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park 6,643 feet (2,025 m).
Climb the path
Bicycles are prohibited from most traces, except for parts that follow C & amp; O Canal in Maryland and Virginia Creeper Trail in Virginia. Horse and packing animals are prohibited except horses in C & amp; O Canal and in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park. Some short segments of the trail, in beautiful towns and natural areas, are built to ADA standards that are accessible for wheelchair use.
Throughout its length, AT is characterized by white paint blazes that are 2 by 6 inches (5 by 15 cm). The side road to the shelter, point of view and parking area using the same blue light is formed. In previous years, some parts of the trail also used diamond markers with the AT logo, some of which survived.
Lodging and camping
Most walkers carry light tents, hammock or tarpaulin beds. This trail has more than 250 shelters and campsites available for pedestrians. The shelters, sometimes called lean-tos (in Maine, Massachusetts, and Connecticut), cottage (in Shenandoah National Park), or Adirondack shelters, are generally open, three-walled structures with wooden floors, although some of the shelters are much more complex in structure. Shelters are usually one day or less apart, most often near water sources (which may be dry) and with latrines. They generally have room for a tent site around it because the shelter may be full. The Appalachian Mountain Club (AMC) operates a system of eight cottages along the 56 miles (90 km) of the White Mountains of New Hampshire. These lodges are significantly larger than standard shelters and offer fully equipped lodgings and meals during the summer. The Fontana Shelter Dam in North Carolina is more commonly referred to as Hilton Fontana because of its facilities (eg flush toilets) and its proximity to all-you-can-eat buffet and post office. Some AMC huts have a long self-service season during the fall, with two self-service seasons extended throughout winter and spring. The Potomac Appalachian Trail Club maintains cabins, shelters, and huts throughout the Shenandoah area of ​​Virginia.
Shelters are generally managed by local volunteers. Nearly all shelters have one or more hanging food hangers (usually consisting of short nylon ropes with partially foldable tuna that can be bent half-length) where pedestrians can hang their bags of food to keep them out of the rodent's reach. In hiker terms, these are sometimes called "trapeze rats."
In addition to the official shelter, many people offer homes, businesses, or inns to accommodate AT climbers. One example is the Little Lyford Pond camp run by the Appalachian Mountain Club. The Inn is more common in parts of the trails that coincide with the national park, especially the Shenandoah National Park in Virginia.
City path
The trail crosses many streets, thus providing many opportunities for pedestrians to ride into town for food and other supplies. Many small towns are usually pedestrianized, and therefore many have pedestrian-oriented hotels and accomodations. Some of the most famous cities are Hot Springs, North Carolina; Erwin, Tennessee; Damascus, Virginia; Harpers Ferry, West Virginia; Duncannon, Pennsylvania; Port Clinton, Pennsylvania; Wingdale, NY; Kent, Connecticut; Salisbury, Connecticut; Great Barrington, Massachusetts; Hanover, New Hampshire; Lincoln, New Hampshire; Gorham, New Hampshire and Monson, Maine. In areas closer to small towns, many pedestrians have experienced what is sometimes called "magic traces," or help from strangers through good acts, gifts, and other forms of encouragement. Traces of magic are sometimes done anonymously. In another example, people have provided food and cooking for pedestrians at campsites.
Dangers
The Appalachian Trail is relatively safe. Most of the injuries or incidents are consistent with comparable outdoor activity. Most of the dangers associated with weather conditions, human errors, plants, animals, diseases, and hostile humans are encountered along the way.
Many animals live around paths, with bears, snakes, and wild pigs that are the greatest threat to human safety. Some rodent and insect diseases are also potentially dangerous. In scattered cases, foxes, raccoons, and other small animals can bite pedestrians, pose a risk of rabies and other diseases. There is one case reported (in 1993) hantavirus (HPS), a rare disease in rodents that attacks the lungs. The hiker suffered a recovering and climbing trail the following year. Part of the trail that runs through the Mid-Atlantic and New England states has a very high deer tick population carrying Lyme and other transmitted diseases, and corresponds to the highest density of Lyme disease reported in the country.
Poison ivy is common along the trail, and more in the South.
Weather is another major pedestrian consideration on the road. The climbing season of the track generally begins in mid to late spring, when conditions are much more favorable in the South. However, this time can also be characterized by extreme heat, sometimes more than 100 Â ° F (38 Â ° C). In such conditions, hydration is very important. Light clothes and sunscreen are a must at high altitudes and areas without leaves, even in relatively cool weather. Further north and at higher altitudes, the weather can be cold, characterized by low temperatures, high winds, hail or snow storms and reduced visibility. Prolonged rain, though usually non-life-threatening, can damage stamina and damage inventory. In March 2015, a pedestrian was killed on a path in Maryland when a large tree floated and fell on it.
Serious crimes, including murder, have taken place on track in some cases. Most were crimes by non-pedestrians who crossed the street relatively randomly with AT-victim pedestrians. The Appalachian Trail Conservancy's official website shows that the number of violent crimes is very low when compared to the number of people (3 to 4 million) who climb the road each year.
The first murder reported on the street was in 1974 in Georgia. In 1981, the issue of violence on the Appalachian Trail gained national attention when Robert Mountford, Jr. and Laura Susan Ramsay, the two social workers in Ellsworth, Maine, were killed by Randall Lee Smith. Another murder occurred in May 1996, when two women were kidnapped, tied up and killed near a pathway in Shenandoah National Park. The main suspect was later found harassing a female motorcyclist around him, but charges against him were dropped, and the case remains unsolved.
Human error can cause casualties as well. In July 2013, a one-year-old man, Geraldine Largay, disappeared on a trail in Maine. He was very lost and survived 26 days before he died. His body was found 2 years later in October 2015. In October 2015, a visiting pedestrian from England died on the path by falling while taking a photo at Annapolis Rocks overlooking Maryland.
Path Completion
The pedestrian trail that seeks to complete the entire trail in a season is called "thru-hikers"; those who crossed the trail during a series of separate trips were known as "pedestrians". The harsh terrain, extreme weather, illness, injury, and the time and effort required make climbing difficult. Per 2014 estimates some 2,700 pedestrians are trying to pass the path.
Historically, only about 10% to 15% of those who made the effort reported to the Appalachian Trail Conservancy that they solved it. However, since 2001, the number of people who started in Georgia to climb through (or at least sign up to do so) has dropped dramatically, but the number of people reporting that they have completed a steady upsurge remains about the same. This has resulted in a noticeable increase in settlement rate to 29% (in 2006).
The Appalachian Trail is usually through south to north (ie, Georgia to Maine) rather than vice versa. Pedestrians usually begin in March or April and end at the end of summer or early to late autumn of that year.
A climb usually takes five to seven months, though some have done it in three months, and some track runners have completed the trail in a shorter time. Trail runners usually handle AT with car support teams, no backpacks, and without camping in the woods.
Thru-hikers are classified into many informal groups. "Purists" are pedestrians who remain on the official AT line, follow a white flame, except for a side trip to a shelter and camp. "Blue Blazers" cut miles from the full route by taking a side trail marked by a blue flame. Commonly denigrating names of "Yellow Blazers," references to the yellow road line, are given to those who are riding to move down or up the trail.
Most walkers head north from Georgia to Maine, and generally start early in the spring and follow the warm weather as they move north. These "northern boundaries" are also called NOBOs (NOrthBOund) or GAME (Georgia (GA) -to-Maine (ME)), while those heading in the opposite direction are called "southern boundaries" (also SOBO or MEGA).
Parts of the pedestrian subculture include making colorful entries in a notebook at a trail shelter, signed under a pseudonym called "trail name".
The Appalachian Trail Conservancy names "2000 Miler" for anyone who completes the entire track. The ATC recognition policy for "2000 Milers" provides equal recognition for hikers and pedestrians, operating on an honor system, and recognizing the official blue or regulated highways required in lieu of official routes, sparkling white during emergencies such as floods, forest fires , or an upcoming storm in the open, high altitude. In 2010, more than 11,000 people have reported completing the entire trail. About three quarters of these are pedestrians.
The Appalachian Trail, the Continental Divide Trail, and the Pacific Crest Trail form what is known as the Triple Crown of long-distance hiking in the United States. In 2001, Brian Robinson became the first to complete three tracks in a year. By 2015, Heather Anderson (trail name "Anish") became the first woman to hold an unsupported record on the Appalachian Trail and Pacific Crest Trail simultaneously.
Note speed
The best known time for self-supported endeavors (meaning no vehicle or crew support, implying carrying heavy duffel bags):
- Joe McConaughy completed his trail north, on August 31, 2017 in 45 days, 12 hours and 15 minutes.
- Heather Anderson completed the trail, to the south, on September 24, 2015, in 54 days, 7 hours, and 48 minutes.
The best known time to support the effort (athletes travel lightly, relying on support crews with food, shelter, medical care, etc.):
- Karl Meltzer, to the south, on September 18, 2016, in 45 days, 22 hours and 38 minutes.
- Scott Jurek, north, from late May to mid July 2015, in 46 days, 8 hours and 7 minutes.
Age record
On October 26, 2017, Dale "Gray Beard" Sanders became the oldest person to climb the entire Appalachian Trail at the age of 82.
Route
This trail is currently protected more than 99% of its path by state or federal ownership of land or by right. This trail is administered by various citizen organizations, environmental advocacy groups, government agencies and individuals. Each year, more than 4,000 volunteers contribute more than 175,000 hours of effort on the Appalachian Trail, an effort coordinated by the Appalachian Trail Conservancy (ATC) organization. In total, AT passes eight national forests and two national parks.
On the way, the trail follows the Appalachian Mountains' backline, crossing many of the highest peaks, and walking, with only a few exceptions, almost continuously through the desert. Traces used to cross hundreds of miles of private property; currently 99% of tracks are on public land.
Georgia
Georgia has 75 miles (121 km) of paths, including the southern tip of Springer Mountain at 3,782 feet (1,153 m). At 4,461 feet (1,360 m), Blood Mountain is the highest point on a path in Georgia. The AT and trail approach, along with many miles of light blue side lanes, is maintained and maintained by the Georgia Appalachian Trail Club. See also: Georgia Peaks on the Appalachian Trail.
North Carolina
North Carolina has 95.7 miles (154.0 km) of trail, excluding more than 200 miles (320 km) along the Tennessee Border. The altitude ranges from 1,725 ​​to 5,498 feet (526 to 1,676 m). Entrance trail from Georgia at Bly Gap, up the peak like Standing Indian Mountain, Mt. Albert, and Wayah Bald. Then go to Nantahala Outdoor Center at Nantahala River Gorge and Nantahala River crossing. Until now, the line is managed by the Nantahala Hiking Club. Beyond this point, this place is managed by the Smoky Mountains Hiking Club. 30 miles (48 km) further north, Fontana Dam marks the entrance to the Great Smoky Mountains National Park.
Tennessee
Tennessee has 71 miles (114 km) of trail, excluding more than 200 miles (320 km) along or near the North Carolina Border. The section that runs right below the Clingmans Dome peak in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park is along the border of North Carolina and Tennessee and is the highest point on the path at 6,643 feet (2,025 m). The Smoky Mountains Hiking Club (Knoxville, TN) maintains a trail along the Great Smoky Mountains National Park to Davenport Gap. North Davenport Gap, Carolina Mountain Club (Asheville, NC) maintains a trail to the Spivey Gap. Then the remaining Tennessee part is managed by Tennessee Eastman Hiking & amp; Canoe Club (Kingsport, TN).
Virginia
Virginia has 550.3 miles (885.6 km) of trails (a quarter of the entire trail) including over 20 miles (32 km) along the West Virginia frontier. With the climate, and the time of the northern climbers, this part is wet and challenging because of the melting spring and heavy spring rains. The substantial portion of the trail is parallel to Skyline Drive in Shenandoah National Park and, further south, the Blue Ridge Parkway. The Appalachian Trail Conservancy considers it excellent to start a well-traveled 104 miles (167 km) of trails built by the Civil Conservation Corps in Shenandoah National Park. Climbing in this section rarely exceeds 1,000 feet (300 m). In the southwestern part of the state, the trail covers half a mile from the highest point in Virginia, Mount Rogers, which is a short climb from AT.
West Virginia
West Virginia has 4 miles (6.4 km) of trail, excluding about 20 miles (32 km) along the Virginia border. Here the trail passes through the town of Harpers Ferry, the headquarters of the Appalachian Trail Conservancy. Harpers Ferry is what many regard as the mental point of the whole A.T., though the true midpoint is further north in southern Pennsylvania. (The right midpoint moves because of the path changing trace.)
Maryland
Maryland has 41 miles (66 km) of trails, with altitudes ranging from 230 to 1,880 feet (70 to 573 m). Most of the trail runs along the ridge of South Mountain in South Mountain State Park. Climbers should stay in designated shelters and campsites. The trail runs through the eastern edge of Greenbrier State Park. It can serve as a luxury stopover for hot showers and a visit to the camp store. Trails running along C & amp; O Canal Towpath along 3 miles (4.8 km). The climbers will also pass High Rock, which offers a wide view and is also used as a hang-gliding site. This section ends at Pen Mar Park, located on the border of Maryland and Pennsylvania.
Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania has 229.6 miles (369.5 km) of trails. The trail extends from the Pennsylvania - Maryland line at Pen Mar, a small town located on the state border, to Delaware Water Gap, in Pennsylvania - New Jersey. The Susquehanna River is generally considered a dividing line between the northern and southern parts of AT Pennsylvania. To the south of Susquehanna, the path passes through Pine Grove Furnace State Park. The Pennsylvania section of the northern route from Susquehanna, from Duncannon to Delaware Water Gap, is famous for its eroded and rocky terrains that can slow down the climb.
New Jersey
New Jersey is home to 72.2 miles (116.2 km) of paths. The trail enters New Jersey from the south on a pedestrian pavement along the Interstate 80 bridge over the Delaware River, up from Delaware Water Gap to the summit of Mount Kittatinny in Worthington State Forest, past Sunfish Pond (right), continue north through Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area and Stokes State Forest and eventually reach High Point State Park, the highest peak in New Jersey (a side trail is needed to reach the real peak). Then turn south east along the New York border about 30 miles (48 km), past the long section of the boardwalk bridge over the swampy terrain, then enter Wawayanda State Park and then Abram S. Hewitt State Forest just before entering New York near Lake Greenwood. New Jersey New York - New Jersey Trail Conference maintains and updates the Appalachian Line.
The activity of black bears along New Jersey roads increased rapidly from 2001. Therefore, metal garbage boxes exist in all New Jersey shelters.
New York
New York's 88.4 miles (142.3 km) of trail contains very little elevation change compared to other countries. From south to north, the trail trails many small mountains below 1,400 feet (430 m) in height, the highest point in New York is Prospect Rock at 1,433 feet (437 m), and only 3,000 feet (910 m) from the border with Jersey new. Trails continue north, hike near Fitzgerald Falls, past Sterling Forest, and then enter Harriman State Park and Bear Mountain State Park. The lowest point on the entire Appalachian Trail is at Bear Mountain Zoo 124 feet (38 m). It crosses the Hudson River at Bear Mountain Bridge. Then pass through Fahnestock State Park, and continue northeast and cross the Harlem Metro-North Railroad Line. This ferry line is the only train station location along the path. It enters Connecticut through Pawling Nature Reserve. Part of the path that passes Harriman and Bear Mountain State Parks is the oldest part of the path, completed in 1923. Part of this section is paved by 700 volunteers with 800 granite-slab steps followed by more than a mile of supported road. by a stone box wall with stones lining the road. The project took four years, cost about $ 1 million, and was officially opened in June 2010. The project was conducted by the New York-New Jersey Trail Conference. The New York-New Jersey Trail Conference maintains and updates the Appalachian Trail in New York.
Connecticut
The 52 mile (84 km) walkway in Connecticut is almost entirely located along the mountains to the west over the Housatonic River valley.
The state line is also the western boundary of the 480-hectare reservation (Connecticut Connecticut) inhabited by the Schaghticoke Indians. In it, AT is roughly parallel to the northern border, crossing backwards after 2,000 feet (610 m). The trail moves north through the valleys and hills of the Housatonic River to the west, turning northwest and, in Salisbury, up the southern Taconic mountain, at Lion's Head giving the northeast view to Mt. Greylock and other points in Massachusetts, and at Bear Mountain, reach a height of more than 2,000 feet (610 m) for the first time since Pennsylvania and produce sights across the Hudson River valley to the Catskills and across the vast expanses of the Housatonic and Berkshire valleys and Litchfield Hills to the east. In North Bear, the path, as it crosses into Massachusetts, descends into Sages Ravine, a deep canyon on the eastern Taconic ridge that is home to a fragile old forest. As the road crosses the river in the ravine, it leaves the area run by the Connecticut section of the Appalachian Mountain Club.
Massachusetts
Massachusetts has a 90 mile (140 km) trail. The entire trail is west of Berkshire County in Massachusetts. It peaks highest peak in the southern Taconic Range, Mount Everett (2,604 feet (794 m)), then descends into the Housatonic River valley and the skirt of Great Barrington. Trail past Dalton and Cheshire, and the highest peak in the state at 3,491 feet (1,064 m), Mount Greylock. Then quickly descend into the valley within 2 miles (3.2 km) north of Adams and Williamstown, before rising again to the Vermont country line. Traces throughout Massachusetts are managed by the Berkshire Chapter of the Appalachian Mountain Club.
Vermont
Vermont has 150 miles (240 km) from the trail. Upon entering Vermont, the trail coincides with the southernmost part of the generally north/south oriented Long Trail. It follows the ridge of the southern Green Mountains, which reaches peaks such as Stratton Mountain, Glastenbury Mountain, and Killington Peak. After parting with the Long Trail in Maine Junction, AT spins in a more eastward direction, across the White River, passing Norwich, and into Hanover, New Hampshire, as it crosses the Connecticut River. Green Mountain Club maintains AT from the state border of Massachusetts to Route 12. The Dartmouth Outing Club retains the trail from VT Route 12 to the state line of New Hampshire.
New Hampshire
New Hampshire has 161 miles (259 km) of trails. The New Hampshire AT is almost entirely within the White Mountain National Forest. For pedestrians through the north, this is the beginning of a major challenge that extends beyond time and time: in New Hampshire and Maine, rough or steep soil more often and alpine conditions are found near the peaks and along the mountains. The tracks reach 17 of 48 four thousand footers in New Hampshire, including 6,228 feet (1,917 m) of Mount Washington, the highest point AT north of Tennessee and the most prominent topographic peak in eastern North America. The trail passes half a mile from 7 additional 4000-footer peaks in whites. Entering the alpine zone at the top of Mount Pierce, from the south, the trail continues in alpine or near-alpine scrubs continuously along the President's high shoulders down the southeast side of Madison Mountain to the Great Bay Wilderness over 12 miles to the north. This region is subject to extreme weather with little natural protection and only occasional human-made shelter from the elements. Though the greatest from November to May, severe and cold threats in the Presidential and throughout New Hampshire sections are present throughout the year and require pedestrian-specific attention to weather forecasts and planning, provision and equipment. The Dartmouth Outing Club maintains AT from the Vermont border passes Mount Moosilauke to Kinsman Notch, northwest of Woodstock, New Hampshire, the Randolph Mountain Club maintains 2.6 kilometers from the Osgood Trail near Madison Hut to Edmands Col, with the AMC retaining the remaining miles through the country.
Maine
Maine has 281 miles (452 ​​â € In some parts of the Maine walkway, even the strongest pedestrian may only average 1 mile per hour (1.6 km/h), with places where pedestrians must hold on tree branches and roots to climb or descend, which is very dangerous in wet weather. The western part includes a 1.6 km stretch of rock, some pedestrians have to pass below, at Mahoosuc Notch, sometimes called the hardest mile of the road. Although there are dozens of rivers and streams in the Maine section of the trail, the Kennebec River is the only one on the road that needs a boat crossing. The most remote part of the Appalachian Trail, known as the "Hundred-Mile Wilderness", takes place in Maine. Drive northeast northeast from Monson town and end outside Baxter State Park just south of Abol Bridge. The park management strongly disliked hiking in the park before May 15 or after 15 October. The AMC retains AT from the New Hampshire state line to Grafton Notch, with the Maine Appalachian Trail Club responsible for keeping the remaining distance to Mt. Katahdin. The international extension, called the International Appalachian Trails begins at Mt. Katahdin.
Large intersection
Listed from south to north.
South Terminus: Springer Mountain, Georgia
- US 76 in Northeast Georgia
- 64 US near the Nantahala River, North Carolina
- US 19/US 74 near Lake Fontana, North Carolina
- US Route 441 along the North Carolina/Tennessee state line
- I-40 along the state line of North Carolina/Tennessee
- AS 25/US 70 in Hot Springs, North Carolina
- I-26/US 23 along the state line of North Carolina/Tennessee
- AS 19W along the North Carolina/Tennessee country line
- US 19E near Roan Mountain, Tennessee
- US 321 on Lake Watauga, Tennessee
- AS 421 near South Holston Lake, Tennessee
- SRÃ, 16 near Sugar Grove, Virginia
- US 58 in Damascus, Virginia
- I-81 near Marion, Virginia
- I-77/AS. Route 52 near Wytheville, Virginia
- AS 460 in Pearisburg, Virginia
- I-81 near Roanoke, Virginia
- AS 501 along the James River in Virginia
- 60 US near Buena Vista, Virginia
- I-64 near Waynesboro, Virginia
- 250 US near Waynesboro, Virginia
- Route 33 US in Shenandoah National Park
- US 211 near Luray, Virginia
- US 522 near Front Royal, Virginia
- I-66 at Front Royal, Virginia
- US 17/US 50 near Waterloo, Virginia
- US 340 in Harpers Ferry, West Virginia
- AS 340 in Sandy Hook, Maryland
- I-70/US 40 near Hagerstown, Maryland
- 30 US near Fayetteville, Pennsylvania
- I-76 in Middlesex Township, Pennsylvania
- US 11 in Middlesex Township, Pennsylvania
- I-81 in Middlesex Township, Pennsylvania
- AS 11/US 15 in Duncannon, Pennsylvania
- AS 22/US 322 in Duncannon, Pennsylvania
- I-81 near Fort Indiantown Gap, Pennsylvania
- I-476 near Slatington, Pennsylvania
- I-80 along the Pennsylvania/New Jersey country line
- 206 US near City of Frankford, New Jersey
- I-87/New York State Thruway near Harriman, New York
- AS 6/US 9W/US 202 near Fort Montgomery, New York
- We are 9 near Garrison, New York
- Taconic State Parkway near Shenandoah, New York
- I-84 near Whaley Lake, New York
- 7 US near Falls Village, Connecticut
- 44 AS near Salisbury, Connecticut
- 7 US near Great Barrington, Massachusetts
- I-90 near Lee, Massachusetts
- US 20 near Lee, Massachusetts
- 4 US near Rutland, Vermont
- I-89 near West Hartford, Vermont
- US 5 in Norwich, Vermont
- I-91 in Norwich, Vermont
- I-93/US 3 near Franconia, New Hampshire
- 302 US in White Mountain National Forest
- NHÃ,16 at Pinkham Notch in White Mountain National Forest
- 2 US near Gorham, New Hampshire
- US 201 in Caratunk, Maine
North Terminus: Mount Katahdin, Maine
Management
The Appalachian Trail Conservancy (originally, the Appalachian Trail Conference) and the National Park Service oversee the entire Appalachian National Scenic Trail passage through a memorandum of understanding with other public institutions through its trail-driven lands, including the US Forest Service. national parks, national forests, Tennessee Valley Authority, state parks, and others, which help manage most of the path corridors. Estimated annual contribution of voluntary services to maintenance of the footprint is $ 3 million.
Use in research
The Appalachian Trail has been a resource for researchers in various disciplines. Part of the trail in Tennessee was used in a study of road maintenance for "uniform uniform environmental conditions and design attributes and substantial gradients in visitor use." Beginning in 2007, different groups of citizens, including the Appalachian Trail Conservancy and the American Hiking Society, began a study to monitor environmental changes resulting from higher levels of ozone, acid rain, smog, and other air quality factors. Such research has been supported by the National Park Service, the US Forest Service, Cornell University, the National Geographic Society, and the Aveda Corporation.
Official site
- The official website of the Appalachian Trail Conservancy
- National Park Service Trail information, with map
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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