A bed is a furniture used as a place to sleep or relax.
Most modern beds consist of soft, padded mattresses on the bed frame, mattresses resting on a firm base, frequent wooden slats, or spring bottom. Many beds include a spring in a popping box, which is a large mattress-sized box containing wood and springs that provide additional support and suspension for the mattress. Beds are available in various sizes, ranging from bassinets and small cribs, to small beds for one person or adult, to large and king-size beds designed for two. While most beds are single mattresses on fixed frames, there are other varieties, such as a murphy bed, folding against the wall, a sofa bed, folding out of the sofa, and bunk beds, which provide two mattresses on two tiers. The temporary bed includes an inflatable air mattress and folding cot. Some beds do not contain soft mattresses or bed frames, such as hammocks, which is considered one of the most comfortable places to rest while swaying to the side. Some beds are made especially for animals.
The bed may have a headrest for rest, and may have a side rail and footwear (or "footer"). Bed "Headboard only" can combine "dust ruffle", "bed skirt", or "sheets netting" to hide the bed frame. To support the head, pillows made of soft soft material are usually placed on the mattress. Some forms of blanket covering are often used to isolate sleep, often sheets, blankets, or blankets, collectively referred to as beds. The bed is a non-removable piece of furniture, which allows these components to be washed or aired.
Video Bed
History
Ancient history
The initial bed is nothing more than a haystack or some other natural ingredient (eg a stack of palm leaves, animal skins, or woven dry). Important change is to raise it from the ground, to avoid drafts, dirt, and pests. Date beds around 3600 BC are found in Sibudu Cave, South Africa. Bedding consists of sedges and other monocotyledons topped with Cryptocarya woodii Engl leaves. The bed is found in a preserved northern Scottish village, which was raised in a box made of stone and possibly topped with a comfortable filler, dated between 3200 BC and 2200 BC. The Egyptians have high beds that go up the stairs, with bolsters or pillows, and curtains to hang around. The elite of Egyptian society such as pharaohs and queens even have beds made of wood, sometimes gilded. Often there are also head-rest, semi-cylinder and made of stone, wood, or metal. Ancient Assyria, Media, and Persia have similar beds, and often decorate their furniture with inlay or appliques of metal, pearl, and ivory.
The image on the right shows the headrests. Headrests like this are used for life to support the head while sleeping. They were also found supporting the mummy's head in the coffin. This headrest may be tailor-made for the tomb, as the offer invocation has been written in the support column, although the prayer may have been added after the death of the owner.
The oldest account of the bed is probably Odysseus: the woven strap of charpoy plays a role in Odyssey . Similar beds can be seen at St Fagans National History Museum in Wales. Odysseus also gave an explanation of how she made the wedding bed for herself and Penelope, from the huge ancient olive tree trunks used to grow in place before the bridal chamber was built. His detailed description eventually persuaded Penelope who doubted that the drowning old man was indeed her long-lost husband. Homer also mentions the inlaying of wooden beds with gold, silver, and ivory. The Greek bed has a wooden frame, with a board on the head and a leather stretched bracelet, where the skin is placed. In later periods, the bed was often lined with expensive wood; sometimes it was from a dense ivory lined with turtle skin and with silver feet; often it's from bronze. Pillows and closers are also becoming more expensive and beautiful; the most famous places for their making are Miletus, Corinth and Carthage. The folding bed, too, appeared in the famous Old Greek vase painting.
Roman mattress filled with reeds, straw, or wool. Feathers are used towards the end of the Republic, when custom demands luxury. Small pillows placed on the head and sometimes in the back. Bedsteads are high and can only go up with the help of the steps. They are often set up for two people, and have a board or railing in the back, as well as a section raised on the head. Counterpan is sometimes very expensive, generally purple with gold numbers; and rich ornaments falling to the ground covering the front. Bedsteads themselves are often of silver-coated bronze, and Elagabalus has one of the solid silver. On the walls of several houses in the bed alcove of Pompeii are found which may be closed by curtains or sliding partitions. Ancient Rome has various types of beds to rest. These include:
- lectus cubicularis , or bed room, for normal sleep
- lectus genialis , the wedding bed, it is heavily decorated, and placed in the atrium across the door
- lectus discubitorius , or table bed, where they eat - because they eat while lying on their left side - usually there are three people to one bed, with the place in the middle of the most accountable positions honorable
- lectus lucubratorius , to learn
- and lectus funebris , or emortualis , where the dead are taken to the pile of wood
Post-classical history
The ancient Germans lay on the floor above the leather-covered leaves, or a shallow breasts filled with leaves and moss. In the early Middle Ages they laid carpets on the floor or on benches on the walls, placed on top of them mattresses filled with feathers, wool, or hair, and using leather as a cover. Curtains hung on ceilings or from iron sleeves projected from walls. They looked like they lay naked on the bed, wrapping themselves in a large bed sheet stretched across the pillow.
In the 12th century, luxury rose and the huts were made of wood decorated with ornaments, ornaments, and painted. They also use a folding bed, which functions as a daytime couch and has a cushion covered with silk placed on top of the skin. At night, a scattered linen and cushions are placed, while silk-covered skin is used as a blanket. The Carolingian manuscript shows a much taller metal bed in the head than on the feet, and this form continued to be used until the 13th century in France, many cushions were added to raise the body to a sloping position. In the 12th century manuscripts, the bed looks richer, with inlay, carvings, and paintings, and with blankets and mattresses embroidered in harmony. Curtains hung on beds and small chandeliers are often displayed.
In the 14th century, wood became less important, generally entirely covered by ornaments from rich materials. Silk, velvet, and even gold cloth are often used. Inventory from the beginning of the 14th century provides details about these embellishments lined with feathers and embroidered with great luxury. It was then that the Four poster bed (also known as a tester bed) made the first appearance, a bed draped from the ceiling or tied to the wall, a shape that later developed into a room inside a room , closed with a double curtain, sometimes even to exclude all concepts. The space between bed and wall is called ruelle , and very familiar friends are welcome there. The 14th century is also a time when the feather bed becomes a treasured treasure.
In the 15th century, the bed became very large, reaching 7 to 8 feet (2.1 to 2.4 m) up to 6 to 7 feet (1.8 to 2.1 m). The mattresses are often filled with peas, straw, or feathers. At this time, great people usually have most of their possessions with them, including beds and beds, and for this reason, the bed is largely a framework that must be covered up; but about the beginnings of a 16th century bed made lighter and more decorative, because the master stayed in the same place for a longer time.
Modern history
In the 17th century, the so-called "magnificent bedding century", the style of a la duchesse, with testers and curtains only in the head, replaced the more enclosed beds in France, although they lasted longer in English. Louis XIV has a large number of luxurious beds, as many as 413 are described in the inventory of his palaces. Some of them have embroidered embroidered with pearls, and numbers on silver or gold soil. The large bed at Versailles has a red velvet curtain where "The Triumph of Venus" is embroidered. So much gold is used so velvet is barely visible.
In the 18th century feather pillows were first used as a cover in Germany, which in bed mode and the curious etiquette connected with the bedroom followed the French for the most part. The bed is a la duchesse , but in France alone there are variations of name and form. The custom of the "bed of justice" which was the place where the king of France lay while he was present in parliament, the sitting princes, the great officials standing, and the lower kneeling officials, were held to show the royal power even more than the throne.
Louis XI is credited with the first use and custom lasting until the end of the monarchy. In the chambre de parade , where the place of the ceremony was placed, certain people, such as ambassadors or great nobles, desired to be respected, were received in a more intimate way than the palace crowd. In Versailles women receive their friends in their beds, both before and after childbirth, during the period of mourning, and even immediately after marriage - in fact under any circumstances deemed fit for mercy or sorrow. During the seventeenth century this strange habit became common, perhaps to avoid the grueling details of etiquette. Portable beds are used in high society in France to end Ancien RÃÆ' Â © gime . The earliest where it is mentioned has belonged to Charles the Bold. They have curtains on the skeleton of light, and are on their way as smooth as a stationary bed.
Iron beds appeared in the 18th century; ads claim that they are free from insects that sometimes infect wooden beds. Elsewhere, there are also covered beds with sliding or folding windows, and in England - where beds are generally quite simple in shape - the four posters are beds of ordinary citizens until the mid-19th century.
Maps Bed
Bed size
Bed size varies worldwide, with most countries having their own standards and terminology. While the "double" size appears to be standard among English-speaking countries, based on imperial measurements of 4Ã, ft 6Ã, by 6Ã, ft 3Ã, in (137Ã, cm x 190Ã, cm), the size for other bed types tends to vary. The size of Mainland Europe is different, not just because of the use of metric systems.
In the mid-1950s, the United States bed industry introduced a new size: king size. A large bed is different from other sizes in its application, since it is unusual to have large eyeballs; instead, two small spring-boxes are used under a large mattress. It is a common misconception that in "US" standards or "eastern kings", box springs are identical to the size of "extra long twins"; However, "extra long" mattresses next to each other add up to 78 inches (200 cm) wide instead of 76 inches wide (190 cm) which is the standard for the "eastern king". Another size variant in the United States is the "California king", whose size is 72 x 84 inches (180 cm cm (210 cm) (narrower but longer than the standard king).
The so-called "single beds" in many parts of the world may also be known in US terminology as "twin beds." In some countries, "twin beds" can also be used to describe one of two single beds in the same room. As another example, in some cultures, "full mattress" is referred to as "master size bed."
Important example
One of the largest beds in the world is the Great Bed of Ware, made in about 1580. Its length is 3.26 meters (10.7 feet), 3.38 meters (11.1 feet). Beds are mentioned by Shakespeare in Twelfth Night . Now at the Victoria and Albert Museum (V & amp; A) in London. Another bed in V & amp; A is a Gold Bed made by William Burges in 1879.
In 1882, an Indian Maharajah had a bed made of solid silver. In every corner of the bed was a statue the size of a naked woman holding a fan. When the Maharajah lay in bed, his weight began a mechanism that made the women wave their fans.
In 1865, convertible beds in upright piano form were available, which can provide home entertainment while saving space.
Type
The bed frame, also called the bed, is made of wood or metal. The frame consists of the head, legs, and side rails. For heavy or larger duty chassis (such as for queen and king beds), the bed frame also includes a central support rail. These rails are assembled to make boxes for mattresses or mattresses/spring cases to occupy.
Types include:
- platformÃ, - usually used without box spring
- captainÃ, - has a drawer under the frame to take advantage of the space between the floor and the bed frame
- waterbedÃ, - a heavy duty frame built specifically to support the weight of the water in the mattress (Mainly used on larger models)
Although not really part of the bed frame, headrests, footboard, and bed rails can be included in the definition. Headboards and footboards can be either wood or metal. They can be colored, painted, or covered in fabric or leather.
Bed rails are made of wood or metal and are attached to the head of the bed and foot of the bed. The wooden slats are placed perpendicular to the bed rails to support the box spring mattress/mattress. Bed rails and frames are often attached to bed poles using knock-down fittings. Knock-down fittings allow the bed to be easily removed for removal. The main knock-down equipment for bed rails is as follows:
- Pin-and-hook fastener. Dykes or slits are cut vertically on the bedposts. The pin is inserted horizontally on the bed post so that the pin perpendicularly cuts the dependent. For example, if one looks into the mortise, one might see a section of one horizontal pin at the bottom of the mortise and part of the second pin toward the peak of the mortuary. Hooks mounted at the end of the rails. Usually this hook is part of the plate attached to the rails. The hook is then inserted into the post bed mortise and the hook on the pin.
- Fasteners plates and hooks. Instead of a pin inserted horizontally into the bedpost, an eyelet (post plate) is mounted on the bedpost. Hooks mounted on rails, either as surface mount or hidden. Depending on the hardware, the bed may require mortise to allow the latch to bind to the plate. This is also called a keyhole binder, especially if the connector is more than "plug" rather than "hook".
- The bed bolt ("bolt-through") is a different way for knock-down connections. A hole is usually drilled through a bedpost. The bolt head is inserted and closed with the plug. On the rails, nuts or other types of nuts accept bolts. The springs are made of metal, which is stirred for maximum comfort
The safety rail, or the side of the bed, can be added to the side of the bed (usually a child's bed or parent) to stop anyone falling from the side of the bed. The safety rail is usually a piece of wood attached to the side rail on one or both sides of the bed. They are made so that they can be easily removed when it is no longer needed.
See also
- Bed-In
- Sleeping
- Sleeping Bag
References
External links
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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