Scaffolding bells , also known as Constraint Z.1 or sometimes only given as beach scaffolding or anti-tank scaffolding , is a British anti-tank design and anti-boat resistance made of tubular steel. It was widely used on the southern coast of England, eastern England and the south west peninsula during the invasion crisis of 1940-1941. Scaffolding is also used, although it is more efficient, inland.
Of a number of similar designs, by far the most common are the designated constraints Z.1 . The design consists of upright 9 feet (2.7 m) tall tube and 4 feet 10 inches (1.5 m) apart, it is connected by up to four horizontal tubes. Each is upright supported by a pair of diagonal tubes, about 45 °, backward. The width of 20 feet (6 m) has been assembled beforehand and then carried into the sea to be placed in position on the half-mark as an obstacle to the vessel.
However, the trials found that a 250-ton barge on the 5 1 / 2 (6.3 mph; 10.2 km/h or trawler weighing 80 tons on knop 7 1 / 2 (8.6 mph; 13, 9 km/h) will pass through obstacles as if none and trawls easily pull out a bay with a wire rope attached.Testing in October 1940, confirmed that the tank can only break through with difficulties, as a result Z.1 is adopted as a barrier anti-tank for beaches that are considered suitable for landing tanks.As an anti-tank barrier is placed at or just above a high water point where it will be difficult for the tank to gain enough momentum to break through the barrier.In some places, two sets of scaffolds are erected, one on the water against the ship and one in the high water against the tanks.
The problem of securing the obstacles in the sand is overcome with the development of the sword knives by Stewarts & amp; Lloyds - this device became known in Admiralty as Wallace Sword .
Barriers varying in length from several hundred feet to three miles built consumes 50% of the production of British steel scaffolds with an estimated cost of Ã, Â £ 6,600 per mile (equivalent to Ã, Â £ 330,000 today). Nonetheless, many miles of Admiralty scaffolds were erected using more than 15,000 miles (24,000 km) of scaffold tubes.
After the war, the scaffolds were blocking the swimmers. Immediately, the scaffold has been removed due to scrap and the remaining traces are now extremely rare, but are sometimes expressed by storms.
Video Admiralty scaffolding
See also
- Preparation for British anti-invasion for World War II
- British hardcourt defense from World War II
Maps Admiralty scaffolding
References
Note
General reference
- Foot, William (2006). Beaches, fields, roads, and hills... the anti-invasion landscape of England, 1940 . British Council of Archeology. ISBN: 1-902771-53-2. Ã,
- Ruddy, Austin (2003). British Anti-Invasion Defense 1940-1945 . Official Drug Box Study Group Handbook. Historical Military Press. ISBN: 1-901313-20-4.
- Wills, Henry (1985). Pillbox: British Defense Studies . Leo Cooper. ISBNÃ, 0-436-57360-1.
Collection
- "National Archives". UK government record warehouse . Archived from the original on February 17, 2007 . Retrieved February 19 2007 .
Further reading
- Mark Harrison. "Forgot Forward" (pdf) . Retrieved 27 September 2010 .
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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