A petechia , plural petechiae , is a small red or purple (1-2 mm) point on the skin, caused by slight bleeding from damaged capillary blood vessels.
Petechia refers to one of three descriptive types of bleeding into skin differentiated by size, the other two being purpura and ecchymosis. Petechiae by definition less than 3 mm.
The term is almost always used in plural form, since single lesions are rarely noticed or significant.
Video Petechia
Cause
Physical trauma
- Coughing, holding your breath, vomiting, crying - The most common causes of petechiae are physical trauma such as a severe cough, holding your breath, vomiting or crying, which can cause facial petechiae, especially around the eyes. Such instances are harmless and usually disappear within a few days.
- Refinement, Asphyxia - Petechiae can also occur when excessive pressure is applied to the tissues (for example, when tourniquet is applied to the extremities or with excessive coughing or vomiting).
- Sunburn, labor, weightlifting
- Sha Cave, Chinese medicine that scratches the skin
- High-G Training
- Hickey
- Asphyxia
- Choking Game
- Oral sex
Non-infectious
- Vitamin C deficiency, mange
- Vitamin K deficiency
- Leukemia
- Thrombocytopenia - A low platelet count or reduced platelet function (eg, as a side effect of the drug or during certain infections) may cause petekie spots
- clotting factor deficiency - (Von Willebrand's disease)
- Hypocalcemia
- Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
- celiac disease
- Aplastic anemia
- Lupus
- Kwashiorkor or Marasmus - a childhood protein energy malnutrition such as Kwashiorkor or Marasmus
- Erythroblastosis fetalis
- Henoch-SchÃÆ'¶nlein purpura
- Kawasaki's Disease
- Schamberg's Disease
- Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
- Sjogren's Syndrome - The spots of inflammation can occur due to vasculitis, inflammation of the blood vessels. In such cases immediate care is required to prevent permanent damage. Some malignancies may also cause petechia to appear.
Infection condition
- Babesiosis
- Bolivian fever
- Boutonneuse Fever
- Chikungunya
- Cerebral malaria
- Congenital syphilis
- Crimean-Congolese dengue
- Cytomegalovirus
- Dengue fever
- Dukes Disease
- Ebola
- Endocarditis
- Influenza A H1N1 virus subtype
- Hantavirus
- Infectious mononucleosis
- Marburg virus
- Neisseria meningitidis - Petechiae in children can occur with viral infections. In such cases, they do not always signify something serious. However, potentially serious diseases, such as meningococcemia can cause death within 48 hours after infection and therefore, their presence should not be ignored.
- Rocky Mountain spotted fever
- Dengue fever
- Typhus
- Streptococcal pharyngitis - Petechiae on the soft palate is primarily associated with streptococcal pharyngitis, and is therefore a rare but very specific finding.
Maps Petechia
Forensic science
Petechiae on the face and conjunctiva (eyes) can be a sign of death by shortness of breath, especially when it involves decreasing venous return from the head (as in strangulation). Petechiae is thought to result from increased pressure in the blood vessels of the head and damage of hypoxia to the vascular endothelium.
Petechiae can be used by police investigators in determining whether strangulation has been part of the attack. Documentation of the existence of petechiae on the victim can help investigators of the police to prove the case. Petechiae produced from strangulation can be relatively small and very light-colored and very real. Petechiae can be seen on the face, in the whites of the eyes or on the inside of the eyelid.
See also
- Purpura, which is a type of intermediate hematoma (3mm -1cm)
- Ekimosis, which is a large hematoma type (& gt; 1cm)
References
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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