Shoes (also known as athletic shoes , tennis shoes , sports shoes , sports shoes , runners , takkies , or trainers ) are shoes that are primarily designed for sports or other forms of physical exercise, but are now also commonly used for everyday wear. The term generally describes a type of footwear with a flexible sole made of rubber or synthetic material and the top is made of leather or synthetic material.
Video Sneakers
Nama dan etimologi
The term "sneakers" is most commonly used in the northern United States and South Florida. It is also used in North Carolina and Canada. English English equivalent to "sneaker shoes" in its modern form is " coach ". In some urban areas of the United States, the slip for sneakers is kick . Other terms include training shoes or coach (English English), sandshoes , sports shoes or joggers (Geordie English in the UK), running shoes , runners or gutties (Canadian English, English English and Scottish English ), dap in English Welsh, runners in Hiberno-English, shoes (English North America) and (Australian English) tennis shoes (English North American and Australian English), sports shoes , tennies , sports shoes , < b> sneak , takkies (English South Africa and Hiberno-English), rubber shoes (Filipino English) or canvas shoes (English Nigeria).
Plimsolls (British English) are athletic shoes "low-tech", and also called 'shoes' in American English. The word "sneaker" is often associated with American Henry Nelson McKinney who is an advertising agency for N. W. Ayer & Son. In 1917, he used the term because his rubber soles made the shoes silent. The word has been in use since at least 1887, when the Boston Journal refers to "sneakers" as "the name of the boy is given to tennis shoes." The name "sneakers" initially refers to how quiet the rubber soles are on the ground, in contrast to the noisy single leather hard shoe. A person who is wearing sneakers can "sneak" on someone while someone using a standard can not.
Previously, the name "sneaks" had been used by inmates to refer to the warden because of the rubber-soled shoes they wore.
Maps Sneakers
History
These shoes earned the nickname 'plimsoll' in the 1870s, downgraded in accordance with Nicholette Jones' book The Plimsoll Sensation, from a colored horizontal band joining the top to sol, which resembles the Plimsoll line on the ship's hull. Or, like the Plimsoll line on the ship, if the water is above the rubber sole line, the wearer will become wet.
Plimsolls are widely worn by tourists and also begin to be worn by sportsmen on tennis courts and croquet for their convenience. Specialized soles with carved patterns to enhance the shoe grip surfaces were developed, and these were ordered en masse for the use of the British Army. Athletic shoes were increasingly used for leisure activities and outdoors at the turn of the 20th century - plimsoll was even found with a bad Scott Antarctic expedition in 1911. Plimsoll was made compulsory in physical school education schools in England.
British Company J.W. Foster and Sons designed and produced the first shoe designed to run in 1895; the shoes were spiked to allow for greater traction and speed. The company sold high-quality handmade running shoes to athletes around the world, eventually receiving a contract for running running shoes for the British team at the 1924 Summer Games. Harold Abrahams and Eric Liddell won the 100-m and 400-m event, equipped with Foster's running fixtures.
This style of footwear also became famous in America at the turn of the 20th century, where they were called 'shoes'. In 1892, the US Rubber Company introduced the country's first rubber-soled shoes, which sparked a surge in demand and production. The first basketball shoes were designed by Spalding as early as 1907. The sneakers market grew after World War I, as sports and athletics increasingly became a way of demonstrating moral fiber and patriotism. The US market for sneakers is growing as youngsters line up to buy shoes supported by soccer players Jim Thorpe and Converse All Stars backed by basketball player Chuck Taylor.
During the interwar period, athletic shoes began to be marketed for different sports, and different designs were available for men and women. Athletic shoes are used by athletes competing in the Olympics, helping to popularize athletic shoes among the general public. In 1936, the French brand, Spring Court, sold the first canvas tennis shoe featuring eight ventilation channels on the vulcanised rubber sole.
Adolf "Adi" Dassler began producing his own sports shoes in his mother's laundry kitchen in Herzogenaurach, Bavaria, after he returned from World War I, and later founded one of the leading athletic shoe manufacturers, Adidas. He also managed to market his shoes to athletes at the 1936 Summer Olympics, which helped strengthen his good reputation. Businesses thrive and Dasslers sells 200,000 pairs of shoes every year before World War II.
Post-War
During the 1950s, recreational opportunities were greatly developed, and children and teenagers began wearing sneakers as a casual dress code. Sales of sneakers increased very high, they began to adversely affect the sale of conventional leather shoes, leading to a fierce advertising war for market share in the late 50s. In the 1970s, jogging for sport became increasingly popular, and coaches were designed specifically for comfort when jogging sold well. Companies are also beginning to market their products as lifestyle choices. Immediately, the shoes are available for football, jogging, basketball, running, etc. Each sport has its own shoes, made possible by the podiatris development of athletic shoe technology.
During the 1990s, shoe companies perfected their fashion and marketing skills. The sports support gets bigger, and the marketing budget goes through the roof. Sneakers became a fashion statement and a definition of identity and personality rather than a simple athletic tool.
From 1970 (5 models) above 1998 (285 models) to 2012 (3,371), the number of sports shoe models in the US has grown exponentially.
Use in sports
The term 'athletic shoes' is commonly used for shoes used for marathon or half marathon, basketball and tennis (among other things), but tends to exclude shoes for sports that are played on grass like football and rugby football, commonly known as' buttons' or in North America as' cleats'.
Athletic shoe attributes include a flexible sole tread, suitable for function, and absorbability ability. As industry and design have evolved, the term "athletic shoes" is based more on the design of the bottom of the shoe than the aesthetics of the top of the shoe. Today's designs include sandals, Mary Janes, and even high styles that are suitable for running, dancing, and jumping.
The shoes themselves are made of flexible compounds, usually featuring soles made of solid rubber. While the original design is basic, manufacturers have since adjusted athletic shoes for their specific purpose. An example of this is spikes that are developed to keep track of walking. Many of these shoes are made up to a very large size for athletes with big feet.
Running shoes
Running shoes have various shapes that are suitable for different styles/abilities. Generally, they are divided by running styles: the majority are for jogging/heel-toe runners which are further divided into 'neutral', 'overpronation' and 'underpronation'. It was built with a complex "rubber" structure with plastic/metal stiffener to restrict the movement of the foot. More advanced runners tend to wear shoes that are more flat and flexible, allowing them to run faster with greater comfort.
According to the NPD Group, one of four pairs of running shoes sold in the United States in 2016 is purchased from online retailers.
Famous brand
By 2015, brands with global popularity include: Adidas, Air Jordan, ASICS, Babolat, Brooks, Converse, DC, Diadora, Dunlop, Ethics, Feiyue, Fila, Hoka One One, Hummel, Kappa, Karhu, K-Swiss, Keds, Lescon, Lotto, Merrell, Mizuno, New Balance, Nike, Onitsuka Tiger, Flyers PF, Pony, Pro-Keds, Puma, Reebok, Saucony, Skechers, Umbro, Under Armor, Vans, and Yeezy.
Type and model number
- The high peak covers the ankle.
- Shorts or oxford does not cover the ankle.
- Mid-cut shoes are between high tops and low tops.
- The sneaker shoe widened to the calf.
- Slip-ons like a low top/oxfords do not cover the ankle and have no straps.
- Low CVO (Circular Vamp Oxford) like a low top does not cover the ankle but unlike the low top has a vampire in a circular shape and usually 4 to 5 rope holes.
- High CVO (Circular Vamp Oxford) as high top covers ankle and also has a circular circle.
Culture of sneaker
Sneakers have become an important part of hip hop (especially Pumas, Nike, and Adidas) and rock 'n roll (Converse, Macbeth) culture since the 1970s. Hip hop artists signed millions of dollars with big brands like Nike, Adidas, or Puma to promote their shoes. Shoe collectors, called "sneakerheads", use sneakers as fashionable items. Artistically modified shoes can be sold for up to $ 1,000 at exclusive places like Saks Fifth Avenue. In 2005, a documentary, Only for Kicks , about the sneaker phenomenon and history was released..
See also
- List of shoe styles
- Comparison of orthotics
References
External links
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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