The architecture of Kansas City, Missouri, and the metro area includes masterpieces by many world-renowned architects and companies, including McKim, Mead and White; Jarvis Hunt; Wight and Wight; Graham, Anderson, Probst and White; Hoit, Price & amp; Barnes; Frank Lloyd Wright; Mies van der Rohe's office; Barry Byrne; Edward Larrabee Barnes; Harry Weese; Skidmore, Owings & amp; Merrill; and others.
The city was founded in the 1850s at the confluence of the rivers of Missouri and Kaw and grew with the expansion of the railroad industry, storage and packing of meat. Leading residents settled in the Quality Hill neighborhood and commissioned fine homes especially in the style of Renaissance Renaissance, which continued to be a major influence for the new structure through the turn of the century. George Kessler's urban plan for Kansas City with its extensive park and highway system, inspired by City Beautiful Movement, made a lasting and lasting impact on the city.
The core of the urban center flourished at the beginning of the twentieth-century building explosion that continued into the Great Depression. The city has several buildings that place it among the cities with ten of the best examples of art deco architecture in the United States. Municipal Auditorium, Kansas City Power and Light Building, and the Jackson County Courthouse have been called "the three treasures of the nation's Art Deco." JC Nichols, a leading developer of residential and commercial real estate develops Country Club Plaza (by Edward Buehler Delk and Edward Tanner), and is active in the promotion of enduring architectural landmarks such as Liberty Memorial (Harold Van Buren Magonigle), and Nelson -Atkins Museum of Art (Wight and Wight).
The second period of building growth occurred from the 1960s to the 1980s. During this time, Kansas City, Missouri gained much of its modern ceiling, including One Kansas City Place, which is the tallest building in Missouri at 623 feet. Suburban growth spread to Johnson County, Kansas with new homes and multi-storey office buildings.
After a period of significant decline, downtown Kansas City has been revived by several new major architectural masterpieces. Arena Sprint Center (2007), Power & amp; Light District entertainment development (2007), Block Building in addition to Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art (2007), H & amp; R Block World Headquarters (2006), 2555 Grand (2003), Charles Evans Whittaker Federal Courthouse (2000), Kemper Museum of Contemporary Art (1994), American Century Towers (1991 & 1994), Bartle Hall Convention Center expansion (1994 ), and the Stower Institute for Medical Research (1994) is one of the most prominent and recognizable.
Video Architecture of Kansas City
Arsitektur awal
The first skyscraper/skyscraper in Kansas City is the New York Life Insurance Building (Kansas City), completed in 1890. Stands at 12 feet at a height of 180 feet (54.8 m) and is the first local building with an elevator. After the New York Life Building is completed, Kansas City follows the national trend of building a large number of buildings on ten floors. In fifty years of building, more than fifty buildings on the top ten floors are built in and around the city center.
Louis Curtiss, among the most innovative architects in Kansas City, designed the Boley Apparel Company Building, renowned as "one of the world's first glass curtain wall structures." The six-story building is also equipped with cantilevered floor plates, cast iron structure detailing, and terra cotta decorative elements.
Maps Architecture of Kansas City
Art Deco, Terra Cotta and Gothic Style
Kansas City experienced an initial skyscraper boom between 1920 and 1940. During this time, renowned skyscrapers such as Power and Light Building, Oak Tower, City Hall, Jackson County Court House, the Bryant House, and the building of Fidelity National Bank were built. Currently, many of these buildings are being renovated for a variety of uses, ranging from loft housing to office space. Oak Tower was once a building filled with terra cotta and gothic architecture. In an attempt to modernize a building that was 40 years old in the 1970s, however, Southwestern Bell tore down and placed it on its gargoyle.
Frank Lloyd Wright Building
Frank Lloyd Wright designed three buildings in the Kansas City area: Frank Bott Residence (1950), Clarence Sondern House (1940), and Community Christian Church (1940).
Christian Church Community
The Frank Lloyd Wright building is located opposite the main shopping district of Country Club Plaza, located on Main on East 46th Street. In April 1940, the Christian Church Community came to Wright and asked him to design a new building for them after the fire destroyed their last church. Wright based his design on the parallelogram including some features previously structured for his final building for Johnson Wax Company, along with a unique additional feature: the light peak. Due to the high cost of building, the scale of the church decreases during construction. The auditorium was trimmed from the 1,200 planned seats to 900 seats, many details were removed, and the building was bolstered with weapons, lightweight concrete forms, above Wright's objections. The peak of the light tower also can not be built and illuminated because of the technical limitations of the times. However, the church was dedicated on January 4, 1942 and served the congregation well.
In 1994, Peak of Lights finally finished as planned. Components are placed on the church roof inside a perforated dome in the northwest corner of the building. The spire of the tower is made by four (4) xenon lamps 16 "ignited by 40,000 volts of electricity, then, in combination with parabolic reflectors, generates 300 million candidi illuminations (per light, 1.2 billion cp total) in a near-perfect column. can be seen for miles in and around Kansas City, and is reportedly able to see 10 miles (16 km) north of the Plaza, depending on the conditions, has been calculated to stop at least 3 miles (4.8 km) above the earth, about half of the maximum height where jet aircraft fly.The summit of the tower lights up regularly on Fridays, Saturdays, and Sundays, excluding religious holidays, and is one of the features of the annual Plaza lighting ceremony.
The Christian Community Church tour is open to the public and is free of charge.
Modern and post-modern architecture
Kansas City had a building boom in the 1970s under the TWA plan to use the city as the world center for Boeing 747's new fleet and anticipated supersonic transport.
During this period the Kansas City International Airport was built to TWA specifications so the gate was within 100 feet (30 m) of the road. Hallmark Cards started the construction of the Crown Center. The city also built the Bartle Hall convention center. The first major work of Helmut Jahn Architects is a revolutionary design for Kemper Arena which has no column blocking the line of sight and was built in 18 months in time to attract the 1976 National Convention of the Republic.
The optimism of this era ended in ruin when the Kemper Arena roof collapsed during a storm in 1979 (though no one was hurt) and when skybridges at the new Hyatt Regency at Crown Center collapsed in the Hyatt Regency ravine collapsed on July 17, 1981 in the worst engineering disaster in history recorded in terms of human life. Both buildings are repaired and still in use.
In addition to this disaster, TWA asked the city to rebuild the terminal extensively at Kansas City International Airport which was recently opened so it could have a central checkpoint. Airport renovation has already reached $ 100 million over budget, so the city refused. As a result, TWA moved its center to St. Louis. In 2006, the city finally announced plans to repair $ 250 million from the terminal to accommodate security concerns.
In the 1980s, the country moved from a "modern" style of architecture (as inspired by architect Ludwig Mies van der Rohe), building large structures, boxes, to "postmodern" styles. The two most noticeable postmodern buildings in the skyline of Kansas City are the Town Pavilion (built in 1986) and One Kansas City Place (1988). One Kansas City Place is a higher version of City Hall made of glass. The building rises 623 feet from the main entrance to the top of the tower and is the tallest office building in Missouri.
Native Kansas City Architecture
Kansas City's deepest influence on national architecture is the Kansas City stadium from Kivett & amp; Myers 1967 design for Truman Sports Complex for Head of Kansas City and Kansas City Royals. In an era when the new stadium was a huge multiuse arena, Kivett & amp; Myers proposes baseball and soccer has their own arena with the most favorable dimensions for their sport and then closed with a rolling roof. Almost all major league baseball stadiums and stadiums have since followed the model and have been largely designed by one of the two Kansas City architects who trace the roots of their stadium business to Kivett - Populous and HNTB. The corporate headquarters are located a few blocks downtown Kansas City.
The most distinctive feature of any modern Kansas City building is the use of its fountain. Kansas City calls itself the City of the Fountain and has over 200 fountains (with the claim that only Rome, Italy have more fountains). Perhaps the most famous is J.C. Nichols Fountain at Country Club Plaza. It's also the most photographed. Carved by Henri Greber of France in 1910, the mounted fountain was originally planned for a plantation on Long Island. Each riding figure represents one of the four great rivers of the world: Mississippi, Volga, Rhine and Seine.
Restoration of historic buildings
Landmark Tower/One Park Place Landmark Tower/One Park Place
This building was formerly known as BMA (Business Men's Assurance Company) Building. Located south of the city center at the intersection of Southwest Tfwy and 31st Street, directly opposite the building and the Fox 4 News tower, and on the same block as the Penn Valley skate.
Built in 1964, Landmark Tower was designed by architects at Skidmore, Owings & amp; Merrill, who also designed the Plaza Central Building at 800 West 47th Street. Its structural network, coated in Georgian white marble, is projected in front of the actual building. The Landmark Tower won its First Honorary Award in 1964 from the American Institute of Architects and was featured in a 1965 exhibition by the New York Museum of Modern Art.
The renovation began in 2003. The only opposition came when the developers wanted to build additional housing facilities inside the park adjacent to the tower. Developers from One Park Place have stated that the tower will hold between 150 and 200 residential units. Gastinger Walker Harden Architects works with developers for renovation, honoring original designs, inspired by the "International" style.
Views
Located at 600 Admiral Boulevard, completed in 1967. The architect of this building is John L. Daw & amp; Associates. Vista del Rio is the first exposed post-concrete structural skeleton building permitted by federal specifications. It was also the first federal high official approved to use sheetrock for internal walls. Originally built to inspire urban renewal in previously dilapidated areas; However, after a period of abuse, the building itself falls into a deep collapse. After most of the glass is removed, it begins to be used by more "troubled" citizens. In the 1990s, care and treatment became so bad that graffiti appeared throughout the structure and, unfortunately, even human remains were found around the site.
Many predicted the destruction of this neglected building, but at the beginning of the rebuilding of the current city center, its future became much brighter. Vista Del Rio becomes a View, changing from a public distraction to a magnet for people who want to once again live downtown.
Fidelity Bank and Trust/909 Walnut
The building is located at 909 Walnut Street (formerly 911 Walnut Street), in the northern part of the Central Business District in the city center. Built in 1931 (at the same time as Power and Light Building), the height is 35 floors.
Built to replace the existing Fidelity National Bank and Trust Building on the site, it was designed by Hoit, Price and Barnes Architects, the same company that designs Power and Light Building. It won the American Institute of Architects award in the 1930s during its construction. The twin towers at its peak are similar to famous buildings around the United States, such as 900 North Michigan in Chicago (built in 1989), or the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel in New York City (built in 1931). The building used to have a big clock in the long-deleted north tower.
In 2003, several proposals competed to turn this building into a dwelling tower. The building now houses 150-180 housing units, complete with a roof terrace for two million-dollar penthouses.
New developments
Since 2000, downtown Kansas City has experienced a virtual renaissance. During the 1950s and 1960s, when many inhabitants of the city center moved south and north to the large outskirts of Kansas City, the population of downtown was diminished. In the 1980s, downtown Kansas City consisted mostly of office towers, with few residences left. However, the redevelopment of large urban centers has brought back thousands of inhabitants; with them having come the need for more buildings and more density.
In the winter of 2004, H & amp; R Block announced the construction of its new headquarters, a 17-storey tower in the city center completed in early 2007. The tower serves as an anchor of the six-block entertainment district around the Central Business District. The project hopes to bring additional entertainment, work and housing to the city center; the project includes five new skyscrapers.
The local architectural firm has major contracts with this and other new proposals. The two largest are the Power and Light District, designed by the Cordish Company of Baltimore, Maryland, and the 18,500 Sprint Center seating area.
On October 6, 2006, the ground was damaged at the Kauffman Center for Performing Arts, a 316,000 square foot performing arts center (29,400m 2 ). It serves the Metropolitan Area of ​​Kansas City as host to three resident companies: Kansas City Symphony, Ballet, and Opera. The Kauffman Center held its opening on September 16, 17 and 18, 2011.
The Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City has also completed construction of a new headquarters located southwest of the Crown Center.
See also
- Crossing list of the Missouri River
- List of tallest buildings in Kansas City, Missouri
Building on National Historic Site List
- List of Registered Historic Places in Jackson County
- List of Registered Historic Places in Clay County
- List of Registered Historic Places in Platte County
References
External links
- Sanborn Fire Insurance Map - Kansas City
- www.skyscraperpage.com
- www.kansascity.com
- Kansas City Business Journal
- KC Skyscrapers
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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